World Diabetes Day: Understanding Diabetes, Raising Awareness, and Taking Action

Every year, November 14th marks World Diabetes Day, a global campaign dedicated to raising awareness about this common disease that affects millions of people around the world. According to the International Diabetes Federation, over 537 million adults are currently living with diabetes, and this number is projected to rise to a staggering 783 million by 2045. That's nearly 1 in 8 adults on our planet! These figures highlight the urgent need for increased awareness, education, and action.

World Diabetes Day isn't just about understanding the disease, it's about empowering people to take control of their health. Early diagnosis, healthy lifestyle choices, and proactive management can significantly reduce the risk of developing common diabetes-related complications such as heart disease, stroke, eye disease, and kidney failure.

Understanding Diabetes

There are quite a few misconceptions about diabetes. To clear things up, this article will review the different types of diabetes, the signs and symptoms, and the potential consequences of leaving diabetes unmanaged.

Types of Diabetes

• Type 1 Diabetes: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. People with Type 1 diabetes no longer make insulin so they require lifelong insulin therapy.
• Type 2 Diabetes: Type 2 is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for about 90-95% of cases. It develops when the body either doesn't produce enough insulin or becomes resistant to insulin. While genetics play a role, lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise can also influence the development of Type 2 diabetes.
• Gestational Diabetes: Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy and usually disappears after childbirth. Every year, between 5-9% of pregnancies in the U.S are impacted by gestational diabetes. Having gestational diabetes increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

Symptoms and Risk Factors of Diabetes

Common signs and symptoms of diabetes may include:

• Frequent urination
• Excessive thirst
• Unexplained weight loss
• Increased hunger
• Fatigue
• Blurred vision
• Slow-healing sores

Several factors can increase your risk of developing diabetes, including:

• Family history of diabetes
• Overweight or obesity
• Unhealthy diet
• Physical inactivity
• Age (over 45)
• Certain ethnicities have a higher likelihood of developing diabetes (African American, Hispanic or Latino, American Indian, or Alaska Natives. Some Pacific Islander and Asian American people also have a higher risk.)

Possible Diabetes Complications

When diabetes isn't properly managed, it can significantly increase the risk of developing serious health complications. These complications can impact almost every part of the body which can have a major impact on overall health and quality of life. One of the most prevalent complications is cardiovascular disease which includes conditions like heart attack, stroke, and high blood pressure.

Diabetes can also lead to nerve damage, known as neuropathy, which causes numbness, tingling, pain, and in severe cases, can result in amputation. Kidney damage is another serious complication that can progress to kidney failure. Additionally, diabetes can affect the eyes, leading to retinopathy and potentially causing vision loss or blindness.

Raising Awareness: Five Ways to Get Involved

World Diabetes Day is a call to action. Below are five ways you and your community can get involved this year:

1. Wear Blue: The blue circle is the universal symbol for diabetes. Show your support by wearing blue clothing and accessories on November 14th.
2. Light Up in Blue: Iconic landmarks and buildings around the world will be illuminated in blue to commemorate World Diabetes Day. Consider lighting your home or workplace in blue to join the movement.
3. Organize an Event: Host a fundraising walk, a healthy cooking class, or a diabetes awareness seminar in your community.
4. Share Your Story: In today's world, social media plays a vital role in spreading awareness. Use your social media accounts to share infographics, facts about diabetes, and resources for support. If you or someone you know is living with diabetes, share your story using the hashtag #WorldDiabetesDay.
5. Donate to Diabetes Research: Support organizations such as American Diabetes Association and Breakthrough T1D. These organizations are dedicated to finding a cure and improving the lives of people with diabetes.

Taking Action

World Diabetes Day isn't just about understanding diabetes, it's about empowering ourselves and our loved ones to take action. Whether you're looking to prevent or manage diabetes, being proactive can make a huge difference.

Prevention and Management Tips

• Eat a Healthy Diet: Focus on whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and healthy fats. Limit processed foods, sugary drinks, and saturated fats.
• Move your Body: Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week. Find activities you enjoy, like walking, swimming, or dancing.
• Maintain a Healthy Weight: If you are overweight or obese, even a small amount of weight loss (5-10%) can significantly reduce your risk of developing Type 2 diabetes.
• Regular Check-ups: Schedule regular visits with your doctor for blood sugar testing, blood pressure monitoring, and other important health checks.
• Medication Adherence: If you have diabetes, it's crucial to take your medications as prescribed and follow your doctor's recommendations for monitoring your blood sugar levels.

Supporting Loved Ones with Diabetes

Supporting a loved one with diabetes involves understanding their disease and providing both practical and emotional support. Start by learning as much as you can about diabetes to gain insight into the daily challenges they face which will help you better empathize with them. Offer encouragement and be patient, as living with diabetes requires ongoing effort and can sometimes feel overwhelming.

One of the most impactful ways to show your support is to join them in adopting healthier habits. This could involve cooking balanced meals together, going for walks, or finding other activities that promote physical and mental well-being. By actively participating in your loved one's journey towards better health, you'll help them stay motivated while strengthening your bond.

Conclusion

In a world where diabetes affects millions of people, World Diabetes Day serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of awareness, prevention, and management. By understanding the different types of diabetes, recognizing the symptoms, and taking proactive steps toward a healthy lifestyle, we can significantly reduce the impact of this disease.

This World Diabetes Day, commit to taking charge of your own health and use this day to support those you know who are living with diabetes. Share this article with your friends and family, donate to your favorite diabetes charity, and join the global movement to fight diabetes. Together, we can make a difference!

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About Lindsey Cohen, RDN, LDN, CDCES, NBC-HWC